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► 接続助詞
  [で]  [ないで]    meaning:  without  rank: 1
☆ 月間酒まないでいる ⇨ He has been living for a few months without drinking alcohol
☆ 彼女はいつもよくえないでものを言う ⇨ She always says things without really thinking
☆ めないで頑張りなさい ⇨ Keep working hard without giving up

► 成句
ずに  [ずに]  [ず(ぬ)+に]  [liter]    meaning:  without  rank: 1
☆ よく知りもせずに批判するな ⇨ Don’t criticize without really knowing it
☆ 努力せずに成功することは不可能だ ⇨ It is impossible to succeed without working hard
☆ 挨拶もせずに帰った ⇨ He left without saying goodbye
☆ はそれをらずにやっていた ⇨ I was doing it without knowing, realizing