► 動詞
痛む [(2)いたむ] [liter] meaning: pain rank: 1
☆ あの可哀想な子供のことを思うと胸が痛む ⇨ It hurts, breaks, my heart when I think about that poor child (☛ Causes physical/mental pain)
► 名詞
苦しみ [くるしみ] [liter] meaning: pain rank: 1
☆ 彼は人の苦しみを理解しない ⇨ He doesn’t understand others’ pain (☛ Usually mental pain)
苦 [く] [苦になる] [liter] meaning: pain rank: 2
☆ 本当にやり甲斐のある仕事をしている時は残業も苦にならない ⇨ When you are doing a truly fulfilling work, overtime doesn’t feel like a pain (☛ Usually mental pain)
苦痛 [くつう] [liter] meaning: pain rank: 2
☆ 私は人付き合いが非常に苦痛だ ⇨ Socializing is very painful, exhausting, to me. I hate socializing (☛ Usually mental pain)
辛さ [つらさ] meaning: pain rank: 2
☆ 彼は他人の辛さを理解しない ⇨ He doesn’t understand other people’s pain (☛ Mental pain)
► 形容詞
辛い [(2)つらい] meaning: pain rank: 1
☆ 彼は子供の頃に両親を失って辛い経験をした ⇨ He had a painful experience of losing both parents when he was young (☛ Mentally painful)
痛々しい [(5)いたいたしい] meaning: pain rank: 3
☆ 彼は包帯でぐるぐる巻きで、見るからに痛々しい感じだった ⇨ He was covered in bandages and I could almost feel his pain by just watching (☛ Look painful from outside)