► 名詞
御母さん [(2)おかあさん] [coll] meaning: mother rank: 1
☆ お母さん猫と五匹の子猫 ⇨ A mother and her five kittens
☆ 御母さん！ ⇨ Mom! Mother! (☛ The most common term to address own mother, except for a young child)
御母さん [(2)おかあさん] [coll] [peer] meaning: mother rank: 1
☆ 君の御母さん元気？ ⇨ Is your mother doing OK? (☛ The most common term to refer to someone else’s mother)
母 [(1)はは] [liter] meaning: mother rank: 1
☆ 母猫と子猫 ⇨ A mother cat and kittens
☆ うちの母は70歳です ⇨ My mother is 70 years old (☛ The most common term for a adult to refer to own mother. NEVER used to refer to someone else’s mother)
☆ 母の思い出 ⇨ The memories of my mother (☛ The most common term for a adult to refer to own mother. NEVER used to refer to someone else’s mother)
☆ 母の日 ⇨ Mother’s day (☛ Usually used as a literary expression to represent the concept of motherhood)
母親 [ははおや] meaning: mother rank: 1
☆ 母親の法的権利と義務 ⇨ Legal rights and obligations of a mother (☛ The most technical and neutral term)
☆ 生物学上の母親 ⇨ A biological mother (☛ The most technical and neutral term)
☆ 彼の母親は彼が三歳の時に死亡した ⇨ His mother died when when he was 3 years old (☛ The most technical and neutral term. NEVER used to directly address someone)
☆ 私は母親似だ ⇨ I look after my mother (☛ The most technical and neutral term. NEVER used to directly address someone)
ママ [(1)まま] [coll] meaning: mother rank: 1
☆ ママ！ ⇨ Mommy! (☛ Used by small children)
御母様 [(2)おかあさま] [coll] [respect] meaning: mother rank: 2
☆ 御母様はお元気ですか？ ⇨ Is your mother doing well? (☛ A respectful term to refer to someone else’s mother)
お袋 [おふくろ] [coll] [family] [男] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ お袋！ ⇨ Mom! (☛ A casual term used by a grown man to address his own mother. Casual but most affectionate)
☆ 何歳になってもお袋の味は忘れられない ⇨ You never forget the taste of your mom’s cooking no matter how old you get (☛ A casual term used by a grown man to address his own mother. Casual but most affectionate)
お袋さん [おふくろさん] [coll] [casual] [男] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ お前のお袋さんの作る飯は最高に美味いよな ⇨ The food you mom cook is the best (☛ A casual term used by a grown man to address someone else’s mother. Casual but most affectionate)
母さん [(1)かあさん] [coll] [family] [男] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ 母さん！ ⇨ Mom! (☛ Mostly used by a grown son to address his own mother)
母ちゃん [(1)かあちゃん] [coll] [family] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ 母ちゃん！ ⇨ Mom! (☛ Sounds uncouth)
姑 [しゅうとめ] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ 彼女は姑にいびられている ⇨ She has been harassed by her mother-in-law (☛ An in-law. 御姑 is used when referring to someone’s 姑)
母上 [(2)ははうえ] [coll] [respect] meaning: mother rank: 3
☆ 母上！ ⇨ Mother! (☛ An old formal term to address own mother. Today only used in period dramas)
母体 [ぼたい] meaning: mother rank: 4
☆ 現在の民主党の母体 ⇨ The mother, original, organization of the present-day Democratic party (☛ Literally “maternal body”. Usually about organizations)