► 動詞
遠慮 [えんりょ] [遠慮する] [polite] meaning: refrain rank: 1
☆ 申し訳有りませんが御遠慮頂けませんか？ ⇨ I’m sorry but could you refrain from that?
遠慮 [えんりょ] [遠慮する] meaning: refrain rank: 1
☆ 遠慮しないで好きなだけ食べ下さい ⇨ Don’t worry about manners and eat as much as you’d like
慎む [(3)つつしむ] [liter] meaning: refrain rank: 2
☆ 私語は慎んで下さい ⇨ Please refrain from personal conversations (☛ Refrain from doing something out of modesty or consideration for others)
控える [(3)ひかえる] [liter] meaning: refrain rank: 2
☆ まだ状況がはっきりしないので発言を控えたい ⇨ I wouldn’t make any comment since the situation is not clear yet
☆ 伝染病のために皆外出を控えている ⇨ Everybody is refraining from going out because of an epidemic
止す [(1)よす] [coll] meaning: refrain rank: 2
☆ 冗談は止してよ ⇨ Stop kidding. Cut your crap
☆ 喧嘩は止せよ ⇨ Don’t fight. Stop fighting
☆ 寒中水泳なんて止せば良いのに ⇨ He shouldn’t do ice swimming
辞する [(2)じする] [辞さない] [liter] meaning: refrain rank: 3
☆ 我々は戦争も辞さない ⇨ We won’t refrain from going to war (☛ Usually used as “辞さない”)
禁欲 [きんよく] [禁欲する] meaning: refrain rank: 4
☆ 彼は結婚するまで禁欲している ⇨ He is staying celibate until he gets married
差し控える [(5)さしひかえる] meaning: refrain rank: 4
☆ 現時点では推測は差し控えたいと思います ⇨ I’d rather not speculate at this moment
自重 [じちょう] [自重する] meaning: refrain rank: 4
☆ 世間の状況を考えて、私達は宴会等は暫く自重することにした ⇨ We voluntarily decided to refrain from party-like activities considering the current social situations (☛ Refrain voluntarily)