► 動詞
追い越す [(3)おいこす] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ 私達の製品の売上げは競争相手を追い越した ⇨ The sales of our products have overtaken those of our competitor
過ぎる [(2)すぎる] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ その事件から10年が過ぎた ⇨ 10 years have passed since the incident
☆ ぼーっとしているうちに電車が渋谷駅を過ぎてしまった ⇨ While I was spaced out the train passed Shibuya station
☆ 時間が過ぎるのがとても早く感じる ⇨ It feels time passes so quickly
☆ 申込みの締切はもう過ぎてしまった ⇨ The deadline for the application has already passed
経つ [(1)たつ] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ その事件から二十年が経った ⇨ 20 years have passed since the incident
☆ 最近時間が経つのが早く感じる ⇨ Recently it feels like time really flies
通す [(1)とおす] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ この交差点では車は停まって歩行者を通さなくてはいけない ⇨ Cars must stop and let pedestrians pass in this intersection
☆ プラスチックは電気を通さない ⇨ Plastics don’t conduct electricity
☆ 彼女は糸を針穴に通した ⇨ She ran a thread through a needle hole
☆ 民主党は法案を通すことに失敗した ⇨ Democrats failed to pass the bill
通る [(1)とおる] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ 彼は司法試験に通った ⇨ He passed the bar exam (☛ Pass a test, exam)
流れる [(3)ながれる] [liter] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ あれから三十年の歳月が流れた ⇨ 30 years of time has passed since then
抜く [(2)ぬく] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ この製品は競争相手を抜いて売上一位になった ⇨ This product passed the competitors and became No.1 seller
☆ 彼はゴール寸前で相手の走者を抜いた ⇨ He passed the other runner right before the goalline
回す [まわす] meaning: pass rank: 1
☆ このお皿を回して ⇨ Please pass this plate
☆ このチームはボールを旨く回す ⇨ This team passes the ball around very well
☆ 内線10番に回して下さい ⇨ Please transfer (the call) to the extension 10
☆ 捌き切れない仕事を友達に回した ⇨ I gave some work that I don’t have time to do to my friend
受かる [(2)うかる] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 彼は司法試験に受かった ⇨ He passed bar exam (☛ Pass, especially a license or admission exam)
追い抜く [(3)おいぬく] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 彼は先頭を追い抜いた ⇨ He overtook the leader (☛ Usually interchangeable with 追い越す, although 追い抜く has a connotation of overtaking with intent)
合格 [ごうかく] [合格する] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ この製品は品質試験に合格した ⇨ This product passed the QC test (☛ Pass a test)
☆ 彼は司法試験に合格した ⇨ He passed the bar exam (☛ Pass a test)
する [(2)する] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 一週間しても良くならなかったらまた来てください ⇨ Come back if a week passes and it still doesn’t get any better (☛ A specific amount of time, usually up to some weeks, to pass)
通過 [つうか] [通過する] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 先頭集団は30キロ地点を通過した ⇨ The leader group has passed the 30 km mark
☆ 法案は衆議院を通過した ⇨ The bill passed the House of Representatives
☆ 電車はこの先でトンネルを通過する ⇨ The train will go through a tunnel ahead
伝う [つたう] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ アリは電線を伝って家の中に侵入していた ⇨ Ants entered the house through the electricity line
☆ 犯人は集合住宅のベランダを伝って逃げた ⇨ The suspect escaped by going through balconies of the apartments
通り掛かる [(5)とおりかかる] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ たまたま通り掛かった店でこれを見つけた ⇨ I found this at the store I just happened to pass by
通り越す [(4)とおりこす] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ この唐辛子は辛いを通り越して痛い ⇨ This chili pepper is beyond hot and it hurts
☆ 彼の無責任さには怒りを通り越して呆れた ⇨ I passed anger and just felt numb by his lack of accountability
通り過ぎる [(5)とおりすぎる] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 私達は市の中心を通り過ぎた ⇨ We’ve gone, drove, through the city center
通り抜ける [(5)とおりぬける] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 猫は塀の隙間を通り抜けた ⇨ The cat walked through the gap in the fence (☛ Pass through)
経る [(1)へる] [liter] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 彼等の音楽は40年を経た今も新鮮だ ⇨ Their music sounds fresh even after 40 years have passed
渡す [わたす] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 彼等は二本の木の間にロープを渡した ⇨ They passed, stretched, a rope between the two trees
行き過ぎる [(4)いきすぎる] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 降りる駅を行き過ぎてしまった ⇨ I passed the station I was supposed to get off
掠める [(3)かすめる] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ もうダメかもしれないという思いが頭をかすめた ⇨ A thought that maybe this was the end went through my mind
経過 [けいか] [経過する] [liter] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 試合開始から30分が経過した ⇨ 30 minutes have passed since the game began
☆ 試合開始から二十分が経過した ⇨ 20 minutes have passed since the game began
乗り越す [(3)のりこす] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 居眠りして自分の駅を乗り越してしまった ⇨ I slept in the train and missed my station
回る [まわる] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 時計が正午を回った ⇨ The clock, time, has just passed noon
行き過ぎる [(4)ゆきすぎる] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 降りる駅を行き過ぎてしまった ⇨ I passed the station I was supposed to get off
追い落とす [(4)おいおとす] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼等は長年市場を牛耳ってきた老舗を遂に追い落とした ⇨ They’ve finally caught and passed the old brand that used to dominate the market
及第 [きゅうだい] [及第する] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼は大学で何とか及第した ⇨ He managed to pass exams to stay in college
過ぎ去る [(3)すぎさる] [liter] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 過ぎ去った事を何時までも考えても仕方ない ⇨ It won’t do any good to keep thinking about things that had passed
過ぎ行く [(3)すぎゆく] [liter] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 時の過ぎゆくままに ⇨ As the time goes by
伝承 [でんしょう] [伝承する] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼女は各地で伝承されてきた話を集めている ⇨ She is collecting folktales in many areas that have been passed along for years
通り合わせる [(6)とおりあわせる] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ たまたま通り合わせて事故を目撃した ⇨ I was just passing by and witnessed the accident
取り次ぐ [(3)とりつぐ] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼は秘書に誰も取り次がないように言った ⇨ He told his secretary not to transfer any guest, call
抜き去る [(3)ぬきさる] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼は先頭の走者を抜き去った ⇨ He overtook the leading runner (and left him in the dust)
ぶち抜く [(3)ぶちぬく] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼は最後の一キロで十人をぶち抜いて優勝した ⇨ He passed 10 runners in the final 1 kilo and won the race
持ち回る [(4)もちまわる] meaning: pass rank: 5
☆
► 成句
追い付く [(3)おいつく] [追いつき追い越せ] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 私達の会社は大会社に追いつき追い越せの態度で頑張っている ⇨ Our company is working hard with “catch and overtake the big companies” mentality
眼鏡 [(1)めがね] [御眼鏡に適う] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼は彼女の両親の御眼鏡に適わなかったらしい (おめがね) ⇨ It seems like he was not approved by her parents (☛ Literally means “meet eyeglasses”. Pass an intense scrutiny)
► 名詞
追い越し [おいこし] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 追い越し車線。追い越し禁止 ⇨ A passing lane. No passing (allowed)
合格 [ごうかく] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 合格点は75点だ ⇨ The passing score is 75 (☛ Pass a test)
☆ 合格者の名前が発表された ⇨ The names of those who passed the test have been announced (☛ Pass a test)
擦れ違い [すれちがい] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ すれ違いに彼は彼女に何かを渡した ⇨ He handed something to her when they passed each other
通過 [つうか] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 通過駅 ⇨
抜き [ぬき] meaning: pass rank: 2
☆ 彼は最後の一周で五人抜きして優勝した ⇨ He passed five others in the final lap and won the race
定期 [(1)ていき] [coll] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 学生は定期を割引で買える ⇨ Students can buy train, bus, passes at discount prices (☛ An abbreviation of 定期乗車券 (= a fixed-term boarding pass))
通り掛かり [とおりががり] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 彼女は通り掛かりの人に助けを求めた ⇨ She asked a passersby for help
通りすがり [とおりすがり] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 彼は通りすがりの人に助けられた ⇨ He was rescued by passersby
乗り越し [のりこし] meaning: pass rank: 3
☆ 乗り越し精算 ⇨ Train fare adjustment (when you go further than your original ticket allows)
及第 [きゅうだい] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 及第点は七十点だ ⇨ 70 is the passing mark
ごぼう抜き [ごぼうぬき] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆ 彼女は十人をごぼう抜きした ⇨ She passed ten other runners (☛ ごぼう is a thin and long root vegetable popular in Japanese cuisine)
取り次ぎ [(3)とりつぎ] meaning: pass rank: 4
☆