► 副詞
若し [(1)もし] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ もし良かったら一緒に食事でもしませんか? ⇨ If it is OK would you like to go to dinner together? (☛ Always paired with end words like なら, たら, etc.)
☆ もし彼の言っていることが本当だったらどうする? ⇨ What are you gonna do if what he is saying is true? (☛ You can omit もし from the example and it will still mean the same. However もし adds the connotation of “what if”)
若しも [(1)もしも] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ 「もしも」に備える ⇨ Prepare for “what if” scenarios
☆ もしもそれが本当だったら? ⇨ What if that is true?
若しか [(1)もしか] meaning: if rank: 3
☆ もしかこれでも良かったら君に上げるよ ⇨ I will give it to you if this is OK
苟も [(3)いやしくも] [liter] meaning: if rank: 4
☆ 苟も教師として有るまじき行為だ ⇨ It is an unacceptable action for someone if he/she who is supposed to be a teacher (☛ if A is B, even though may not be completely)
仮にも [(4)かりにも] [liter] meaning: if rank: 4
☆ (☛ if A is B, even though may not be completely)
曲がり形にも [(6)まがりなりにも] meaning: if rank: 4
☆ 彼は曲がりなりにも会社を再建した ⇨ He has rebuilt the company, if not completely, perfectly (☛ Literally “even though it is bent”)
縦しんば [(2)よしんば] [liter] meaning: if rank: 4
☆
► 接続助詞
て [て] [ては] [て+は] [liter] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ そんなことしてはいけない ⇨ It is not OK if you do that. You shouldn’t do that
☆ そんなことになっては不味い ⇨ It’ll be bad if something like that happens
☆ 中を見てはいけない ⇨ It is not OK if you look inside. Don’t look inside
ても [(1)ても] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ あなたのコンピューター使ってもいい? ⇨ Is it OK if I use your computer?
☆ このクッキー食べてもいい? ⇨ Is it OK if I eat these cookies?
ても [(1)ても] [でも] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ もう死んでも構わない ⇨ I don’t mind if I die now (☛ Voiced ても after ん)
☆ 一つ頼んでもいい? ⇨ Is it OK if I ask you one thing? Will you do me a favor? (☛ Voiced ても after ん)
で [で] [では] [て+は] [liter] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ 仕事中に酒を飲んではいけない ⇨ It is prohibited to drink while on duty
と [と] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ あいつが何と言おうと俺の知ったことじゃない ⇨ I don’t care whatever he says
☆ どうなろうと私には関係無い ⇨ It has nothing to do with me no matter happens
☆ 急がないと遅れるよ ⇨ If you don’t hurry you will be late
ば [ば] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ あなたが良ければ私はそうしたい ⇨ If you’re OK with it, I want to do so
☆ そうしたければそうすれば良い ⇨ If you want to do so, then do so
☆ どうすればいいのか分からない ⇨ I don’t know what I should do
☆ もし可能ならばそうしたい ⇨ I’d like to do so if possible
☆ やってみなければ分からない ⇨ You’ll never know unless you try
☆ 努力し続ければきっと成功する ⇨ You’ll succeed if you keep working hard
☆ 彼女は一言で言えば天才だ ⇨ If I put her in one word, it’s “genius”
じゃ [じゃ] [では] [coll] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ このままじゃ締切に間に合わない ⇨ We won’t make the deadline at this rate
☆ それだけじゃ足りない ⇨ If that’s all you have, then it’s not enough
☆ そんな簡単に諦めたんじゃ駄目だ ⇨ If you give up that easily it will never work
☆ 今からやるんじゃ遅すぎる ⇨ If we start now, it is already too late
☆ 明日じゃ遅い ⇨ If it is tomorrow it is too late. Tomorrow is too late
たり [(1)たり] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ 無理をし過ぎて病気になったりしたら元も子もない ⇨ It will be pointless if you work too hard and get sick
☆ 虫刺されを掻いたりしてはしてはいけない ⇨ It’s not good if you do something like scratching the insect bite spot
ちゃ [ちゃ] [ては] [coll] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ あんまり遠くに行っちゃ駄目よ ⇨ It is not OK if you go too far. Don’t go too far
☆ そんな風に考えちゃ駄目だ ⇨ It is not OK if you think like that. Don’t think like that
ものなら [(2)ものなら] [物+なら] [liter] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ そう簡単に行くものなら誰も苦労しない ⇨ If it goes that easily we are not in this trouble (☛ An unlikely supposition)
☆ そんなに簡単に解決出来るものなら誰も苦労しない ⇨ We are not in this position if we could solve it that easily (☛ An unlikely supposition)
☆ 私も行けるものなら行きたいが ⇨ I would like to go if I could (☛ An unlikely supposition)
☆ 買えるものなら買いたいが、お金がない ⇨ If I can afford I would buy, but I don’t have the money (☛ An unlikely supposition)
ものなら [(2)ものなら] [もんなら] [物+なら] [liter] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ やれるもんならやってみろ ⇨ If you say you can do it, then do, prove, it (☛ An unlikely supposition. もん is a colloquial alternate of もの)
ものなら [(2)ものなら] [~うものなら] [物+なら] [liter] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ また飲んで帰ろうものなら女房にどやされる ⇨ My wife would yell at me if I came home drunk again (☛ An unlikely supposition)
ものなら [(2)ものなら] [~ようものなら] [物+なら] [liter] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ 彼女は僅かでも批判しようものなら激怒する ⇨ She goes berserk if you criticize her even just a little (☛ An unlikely supposition)
もんなら [(1)もんなら] [ものなら] [coll] [peer] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ そんな簡単にやれるもんなら誰も苦労しないんだよ ⇨ If it is that easy, nobody would have problem with it (☛ A colloquial form of ものなら)
☆ やれるもんならやってみろ ⇨ Go ahead if you can really do it (☛ A colloquial form of ものなら)
► 助動詞
た [た] [たら] [coll] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ そんなに悲観的になったら駄目だ ⇨ It is not OK if you become that pessimistic. You shouldn’t be that pessimistic (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 何度言ったら分かるんだ? ⇨ After how many times I tell you will you finally understand? How many times do I have to tell you? (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 彼を会ったら伝えておくよ ⇨ If I see him I will tell him (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 彼女が僕のものだったらどんなに良いだろう ⇨ How great it would be if she was mine (☛ 仮定形. Compared with ”なら”, there is a connotation that it is highly unlikely that she will ever be mine)
☆ そんなに彼女のことを愛しているんだったら、どうして浮気なんかするんだ? ⇨ If you love her that much, why do you have an affair? (☛ 仮定形. Compared with ”なら”, there is a connotation that the speaker doesn’t believe he really loves her)
だ [だ] [では] [で(だ)+は] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ このままでは締切に間に合わない ⇨ We won’t make the deadline at this rate
☆ それだけでは足りない ⇨ If that’s all you have, then it’s not enough
☆ 今からやるのでは遅すぎる ⇨ If we start now, it is already too late
☆ 明日では遅い ⇨ If it is tomorrow it is too late. Tomorrow is too late
だ [だ] [なら] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ あなたが満足なら私は異論は無い ⇨ I have no objection if you are happy with it (☛ 仮定形)
☆ そうならそう言えばよかったのに ⇨ If that had been the case, you should’ve said so (☛ 仮定形)
☆ ちょっとだけなら構わない ⇨ It is OK if it is just a little bit (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 嫌なら行かなくても良い ⇨ You don’t have to go if you don’t want to (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 彼なら出来るんじゃないか? ⇨ If he does it, it may be possible. Maybe he could get it done (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 文句が有るならはっきり言えよ ⇨ If you have a problem, say it (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 私があなたなら、そうはしないだろう ⇨ If I were you, I wouldn’t do that (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 車のことならあいつに任しておけ ⇨ When it comes to cars, let him handle, you can trust him (☛ 仮定形)
☆ それで旨く行く(の)ならそれに越したことはない ⇨ If that really works, then that is the best (☛ 仮定形. の is optional. Doesn’t change the meaning)
☆ どうせやる(の)なら本気でやるべきだ ⇨ If we do it anyway, then we should do it seriously (☛ 仮定形. の is optional. Doesn’t change the meaning)
う [う] [~うものなら] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ そんな事言おうものなら女房の機嫌を損ねてしまう ⇨ If I ever say something like that, my wife will be awfully angry (☛ After 未然形 of 五段動詞, 形容詞, 形容動詞)
よう [よう] [~ようものなら] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ うちの猫は風呂に入れようものなら大変な事になる ⇨ All the hell will break loose if I try to bathe my cat
► 成句
としたら [(3)としたら] [と+し(する)+たら] meaning: if rank: 2
☆ もしそれが本当だとしたら? ⇨ What if that was true?
とすれば [(3)とすれば] [と+すれ(する)+ば] [liter] meaning: if rank: 3
☆
ならば [(1)ならば] [なら(だ)+ば] [liter] meaning: if rank: 3
☆
► 名詞
端くれ [はしくれ] meaning: if rank: 4
☆ 御前も武士の端くれならそれらしく戦え ⇨ If you are purportedly an warrior, then fight like one (☛ if A is B, even though a pretty bad one)