► 副詞
がんがん [(1)がんがん] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 十代の男の子はガンガン食べる ⇨ Teenage boys eat an enormous amount
☆ 彼等は新製品をガンガン宣伝している ⇨ They are advertising their new product with full force
ぐいぐい [(1)ぐいぐい] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 彼は他の選手達をぐいぐい引き離した ⇨ He left other runners further and further behind
☆ そんなにぐいぐい引っ張るな ⇨ Don’t pull that hard (☛ Push or pull forcefully and repeatedly)
ぐりぐり [(1)ぐりぐり] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 顎の付け根がぐりぐりして痛い ⇨ My jaw joint has a lumpy feel and hurts (☛ Feels lumpy and irritating)
こちこち [こちこち] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ バケツの水がこちこちに凍っていた ⇨ The water in the bucket was frozen solid
ごわごわ [(1)ごわごわ] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ このジャケットはごわごわして着にくい ⇨ This jacket is stiff and uncomfortable to wear (☛ Usually about cloths not being soft)
強か [(2)したたか] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 私は脛を鉄パイプに強か打った ⇨ I hit my shin against a steel pipe really hard
びしびし [(1)びしびし] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ うちの息子をビシビシ鍛えて下さい ⇨ Please train my son hard (☛ Train, coach, someone hard)
ぎんぎん [(1)ぎんぎん] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ ギンギンに改造されたエンジン ⇨ An engine tuned to the max
☆ ギンギンに立ったチンポ ⇨ A rock-hard erect cock
ばりばり [(1)ばりばり] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ 彼はバリバリ働いている ⇨ He is working hard
びんびん [びんびん] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ ちんぽがビンビンに立った ⇨ My cock was rock hard
☆ 電気がビンビン走るような感覚 ⇨ A sensation as if electricity runs through my body
► 動詞
固まる [かたまる] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ 膝が固まって動かない ⇨ My knee is so stiff I can’t move it
☆ 雪がカチンカチンに固まっている ⇨ Snow is packed completely solid
固める [かためる] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ 紫外線を当てて固める接着剤 ⇨ An adhesive that you cure by exposing to UV
凝る [(1)こる] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 肩が凝って仕方ない ⇨ I’m struggling with my stiff shoulders, neck (☛ Muscles to stiffen up and cause discomfort)
硬化 [こうか] [硬化する] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 交渉相手は態度を硬化させた ⇨ Our counterpart in the negotiation has hardened their attitude, become uncooperative
☆ 彼は動脈が硬化している ⇨ He has hardened arteries, arteriosclerosis
強張る [(3)こわばる] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 私が反対すると彼の表情が強張った ⇨ His expression became tense when I disagreed with him
凝固 [(1)ぎょうこ] [凝固する] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ 血液は出血すると凝固する ⇨ Blood coagulates when bled
硬直 [こうちょく] [硬直する] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ ショックで彼の体が硬直した ⇨ His body stiffened by shock
► 成句
粉 [こ] [身を粉にして] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ 彼は身を粉にして働いている (みをこに) ⇨ He is working so hard until his body becomes powder (☛ Always positive. Doesn’t mean to destroy one’s health, but simply to work hard, puts a lot of effort)
► 名詞
硬化 [こうか] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 動脈硬化 ⇨ Hardened arteries, arteriosclerosis
硬派 [(1)こうは] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 欧米では男らしい男は女が好きなので、日本の硬派と軟派という概念は理解されない ⇨ In the west manly men like women, so the ideas of Japanese “hard men” and “soft men” will never be understood (☛ The Japanese idea of “hard men” who focus on sports or whatever supposedly manly activities, instead of dating girls)
硬直 [こうちょく] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ 死後硬直 ⇨ Rigor mortis
► 形容詞
固い [(2)かたい] [硬い] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ ダイアモンドは非常に硬い ⇨ Diamond is very hard
強い [(2)つよい] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ 彼はブレーキを強く踏んだ ⇨ He pressed the brake pedal hard (☛ With a lot of force)
激しい [(3)はげしい] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ この地方では気温の変化が激しい ⇨ The temperature fluctuates hard in this region
► 形容動詞
必死 [ひっし] meaning: hard rank: 1
☆ 彼女は子供をいい学校に入れようと必死だ ⇨ She is working hard to send her kids to good schools
懸命 [けんめい] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 駅まで懸命に走ったが電車に乗り遅れた ⇨ I ran to the station as hard as I could but still missed the train
猛烈 [もうれつ] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ カレーが猛烈に食べたくなった ⇨ I had an extreme craving for curry
☆ 彼はドリブルを猛烈に練習した ⇨ He worked on his dribbling skills very hard
☆ 突然雨が猛烈に降り始めた ⇨ Suddenly it started to rain extremely hard
がむしゃら [がむしゃら] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ がむしゃらに頑張るだけでは旨く行かない ⇨ Just trying hard won’t always work (☛ Work, try, very hard, often in disorganized, undisciplined ways)
激烈 [げきれつ] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 激烈な競争 ⇨ An extremely fierce competition
熾烈 [しれつ] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 熾烈な競争 ⇨ A fierce competition
痛烈 [つうれつ] meaning: hard rank: 3
☆ 彼は右中間に痛烈な当たりを飛ばした ⇨ He hit a razor to the deep right field
みっちり [(3)みっちり] meaning: hard rank: 4
☆ 彼は大会に備えてみっちり鍛えた ⇨ He trained hard for the championship (☛ Learn, teach, train, hard)
► 接尾辞
捲くり [まくり] [coll] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 彼は職場で浮きまくりだ ⇨ He is a pariah at the workplace
☆ 昨日から下痢のしまくりだ ⇨ I’ve had non-stop diarrhea since yesterday
► 接頭辞
猛 [もう] meaning: hard rank: 2
☆ 彼は試験に向けて猛勉強している ⇨ He is studying like crazy for the exam
☆ 猛反省しています ⇨ I am extremely sorry and repentant
☆ 軍は猛反撃で出た ⇨ The military has launched a vicious counterattack