► 副助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: even if rank: 2
☆ 少なくとも元金は回収される ⇨ We will at least recover the principal (even if there is no profit) (☛ 連用形 of adjective)
☆ 工事は遅くとも年内に完成の見込みだ ⇨ The construction is expected to be finished within the year even if it is delayed, at the latest (☛ 連用形 of adjective)
► 接続助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: even if rank: 3
☆ 全員死のうとも降伏はしない ⇨ We will never surrender even if we all die
☆ 彼が何と言おうとも関係無い ⇨ It doesn’t matter even if he says something, whatever he says
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: no matter rank: 3
☆ どうなろうとも構わない ⇨ I don’t care however things go, whatever happens
► 終助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] [peer] [男] meaning: indeed rank: 4
☆ いいとも！ ⇨ Surely good! Sure do! That’ll work! (☛ Sounds theatrical or old-fashioned)
☆ 勿論だとも！ ⇨ Of course! (☛ Sounds theatrical or old-fashioned)
► 成句
共 [とも] [共にする] [liter] meaning: share rank: 2
☆ 船長は船と運命を共にした ⇨ The captain shared the fate with his ship. He sank with his ship
☆ 苦楽を共にした妻 ⇨ My wife I’ve shared good times and bad times
► 名詞
友 [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: friend rank: 2
☆ 戦場の友 ⇨ Friends on the battlefield
► 接尾辞
共 [とも] meaning: both rank: 1
☆ 両方共使ってみたが、余り差はなかった ⇨ I tried both of them but didn’t find that much difference
☆ 二人共、いい加減にしなさい ⇨ That’s enough, both of you
共 [とも] meaning: all rank: 2
☆ うちの子供は三人共女の子だ ⇨ My three kids are all girls (☛ Usually only used with smaller numbers. Some only uses 共 as “both”)
共 [とも] meaning: include rank: 3
☆ 送料共三千円 ⇨ ¥3,000 including shipping charge
► 接頭辞
共 [とも] meaning: both rank: 3
☆
More examples:
- コロナの予防接種を受けたが何とも無かった ⇨ I had COVID vaccines but didn’t have any side effect
- 両チームとも無得点で終わった ⇨ Both teams finished without scoring
- 忙しくて運動はともするとサボりがちになってしまう ⇨ I have been busy and more often than not skip working out
- この病気は下手をすると死ぬことも有る ⇨ In the worst case you can die from this disease
- 彼は倒れたままぴくりともしなかった ⇨ He was on the floor and didn’t even twitch
- 行こうかとも思ったが、やはり止めた ⇨ I had thought about going but I decided not to
- 政府は相手に譲歩しただけとは、何とも御粗末な話だ ⇨ It is pathetic that our government only gave up without gaining anything
- 彼は批判を物ともせず計画を推し進めた ⇨ He pushed the project without getting deterred by criticisms
- 彼の話はちっとも面白くない ⇨ His story is not interesting at all
- 彼の言ったことは嫌味とも取れなくもない ⇨ What he said could be interpreted as a sarcasm
- 皿を床に落としてしまったが、何ともなかった ⇨ I dropped a dish on the floor, but nothing happened to it
- 警察は未だ犯人の見当を付けることも出来ないでいる ⇨ The police still doesn’t have a rough idea of who the suspect is
- この車は悪路も物ともせずに走る ⇨ This car runs undeterred by bad rough roads
- 自分の決断を後悔したことは一度たりとも無い ⇨ I have never even once regretted my decision
- 彼女は「ともちゃん」と呼ばれている ⇨ She is called “Tomo-chan”