► 副助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: even if rank: 2
☆ 少なくとも元金は回収される ⇨ We will at least recover the principal (even if there is no profit) (☛ 連用形 of adjective)
☆ 工事は遅くとも年内に完成の見込みだ ⇨ The construction is expected to be finished within the year even if it is delayed, at the latest (☛ 連用形 of adjective)
► 接続助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: even if rank: 3
☆ 全員死のうとも降伏はしない ⇨ We will never surrender even if we all die
☆ 彼が何と言おうとも関係無い ⇨ It doesn’t matter even if he says something, whatever he says
とも [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: no matter rank: 3
☆ どうなろうとも構わない ⇨ I don’t care however things go, whatever happens
► 終助詞
とも [(1)とも] [liter] [peer] [男] meaning: indeed rank: 4
☆ いいとも！ ⇨ Surely good! Sure do! That’ll work! (☛ Sounds theatrical or old-fashioned)
☆ 勿論だとも！ ⇨ Of course! (☛ Sounds theatrical or old-fashioned)
► 成句
共 [とも] [共にする] [liter] meaning: share rank: 2
☆ 船長は船と運命を共にした ⇨ The captain shared the fate with his ship. He sank with his ship
☆ 苦楽を共にした妻 ⇨ My wife I’ve shared good times and bad times
► 名詞
友 [(1)とも] [liter] meaning: friend rank: 2
☆ 戦場の友 ⇨ Friends on the battlefield
► 接尾辞
共 [とも] meaning: both rank: 1
☆ 両方共使ってみたが、余り差はなかった ⇨ I tried both of them but didn’t find that much difference
☆ 二人共、いい加減にしなさい ⇨ That’s enough, both of you
共 [とも] meaning: all rank: 2
☆ うちの子供は三人共女の子だ ⇨ My three kids are all girls (☛ Usually only used with smaller numbers. Some only uses 共 as “both”)
共 [とも] meaning: include rank: 3
☆ 送料共三千円 ⇨ ¥3,000 including shipping charge
► 接頭辞
共 [とも] meaning: both rank: 3
☆
More examples:
- 昔には良かったことも悪かったこともある ⇨ The old days had good things and also bad things
- 結果はともあれ、やるだけやったから後悔は無い ⇨ Whatever the result is, I did the best I could so I have no regrets
- 彼に問いただしてもうんともすんとも言わない ⇨ I grilled him but he kept completely mum, said absolutely nothing
- 親は無くとも子は育つ ⇨ Children will grow (fine) even without parents
- 今更何ともしようがない ⇨ There’s nothing you can do at this point
- 世の中何はなくとも金さえあれば何とかなる ⇨ You can make it in this world even if you have only money but nothing else
- 警察は未だ犯人の見当を付けることも出来ないでいる ⇨ The police still doesn’t have a rough idea of who the suspect is
- 彼はまともに戦って勝てる相手じゃない ⇨ You can’t beat him in a straight fight
- 今は何とも言えない ⇨ We can’t say anything definitive right now
- 彼が文句を言うのももっともだ ⇨ It is understandable that he complains
- 彼は生まれつき片腕がないというハンデをものともしなかった ⇨ He wasn’t deterred at all by the handicap of being born without one arm
- 今更如何ともし難い (いかんともしがたい) ⇨ At this point there is nothing you can do
- 彼女は「ともちゃん」と呼ばれている ⇨ She is called “Tomo-chan”
- ボールが彼の顔面にまともに当たった ⇨ The ball hit him right in the face
- 更に特別な色を使うことも可能だ ⇨ Furthermore, you can use a custom color as well