► 助動詞
た [た] [たら] [coll] meaning: if rank: 1
☆ そんなに悲観的になったら駄目だ ⇨ It is not OK if you become that pessimistic. You shouldn’t be that pessimistic (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 何度言ったら分かるんだ？ ⇨ After how many times I tell you will you finally understand? How many times do I have to tell you? (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 彼を会ったら伝えておくよ ⇨ If I see him I will tell him (☛ 仮定形)
☆ 彼女が僕のものだったらどんなに良いだろう ⇨ How great it would be if she was mine (☛ 仮定形. Compared with ”なら”, there is a connotation that it is highly unlikely that she will ever be mine)
☆ そんなに彼女のことを愛しているんだったら、どうして浮気なんかするんだ？ ⇨ If you love her that much, why do you have an affair? (☛ 仮定形. Compared with ”なら”, there is a connotation that the speaker doesn’t believe he really loves her)
た [た] meaning: past tense rank: 1
☆ 昨日彼に会った ⇨ Yesterday I saw/met him
☆ 昨日彼女と映画を見に行った ⇨ Yesterday I went to see a movie with my girlfriend
☆ 薬を飲んだが全く効かなかった ⇨ I took the medicine but it didn’t work at all
☆ 彼は癌で死んだ ⇨ He died of cancer (☛ た becomes voiced after certain verbs)
た [た] meaning: perfect tense rank: 1
☆ あいつは根性が曲がった奴だ ⇨ He is a man with a crooked mind
☆ カビたパン ⇨ Molded bread
☆ そんな話は聞いた事がない ⇨ I’ve never heard something like that
☆ 仕事が済んだので帰ります ⇨ I’ve finished my work so I’m going home
☆ 壊れた車が放置されている ⇨ A broken car is deserted
☆ 彼は仕事を休んだ事が一回もない ⇨ He has never missed work, even once
☆ 穴の開いた靴下 ⇨ A sock with a hole (opened)
た [た] [たら] meaning: when rank: 1
☆ 何度も練習したら出来るようになった ⇨ I had practiced many times and I learned how to do it (☛ 仮定形. When I had done something, then …)
☆ 薬を飲んだらずっと気分が良くなった ⇨ I’ve taken the medicine and now I feel a lot better (☛ 仮定形. When I had done something, then …)
☆ 何か分かったら連絡します ⇨ When I will have found out something, when I find out something, I will let you know (☛ 仮定形. When you will have done something, then …)
☆ 終わったら帰ってもいいですよ ⇨ When you will have finished, you are done, you can leave (☛ 仮定形. When you will have done something, then …)
た [た] [coll] [peer] meaning: command rank: 3
☆ さあ、行った、行った ⇨ Well, go way, just go away (☛ Dismissive, plus old-fashioned)
► 名詞
他 [た] [liter] meaning: other rank: 2
☆ 私は他の似た事例を参照した ⇨ I referred to other similar cases as examples (☛ A Chinese derived pronunciation of ほか)
田 [た] meaning: field rank: 5
☆ (☛ A rice field)
More examples:
- 彼は敵の心臓を撃ち抜いた ⇨ He shot through the heart of the enemy
- 彼女は子供の頃父親に暴行された ⇨ She was molested by her father when she was a child
- 彼は金玉に蹴りを食らった ⇨ He got kicked in the nuts
- 包丁で指を切ってしまった ⇨ I cut my finger with a kitchen knife
- 私達はその計画について話した ⇨ We talked, discussed, about the project
- 彼は不死鳥のように蘇った ⇨ He revived like a phoenix
- 教授は学生の論文を論評した ⇨ The professor critiqued the student’s paper
- 書類の控えを取っておいた ⇨ I made a backup copy of the document
- 彼は大統領になると民主機構を済し崩し的に解体した ⇨ Once he became the president he gradually dissolved the democratic systems
- 貨物は陸送された ⇨ The cargo was transported by land
- 彼はその辞書を監修した ⇨ He served as a chief-editor of the dictionary
- 彼の説明に私は余計混乱した ⇨ His explanation confused me even more
- 背後に人の気配を感じた ⇨ I felt there was someone behind me
- 彼に声をかけたが彼は気が付かないようだった ⇨ I called to him but it seemed like he didn’t notice
- 戦い続けて遂に精根尽き果てた ⇨ I have kept fighting and finally mentally exhausted