► 動詞
古びる [(3)ふるびる] meaning: old rank: 4
☆ 古びた自転車 ⇨ An old, rusted, bicycle (☛ Only about inanimate things)
► 名詞
古く [(1)ふるく] [liter] meaning: past rank: 2
☆ それは古くは～と呼ばれた ⇨ That used to be called … in the long past
☆ 古くから伝わる民話 ⇨ A folklore passed from the old times
古 [いにしえ] [liter] meaning: past rank: 4
☆ 京都は古の都だ ⇨ Kyoto is an ancient capital
► 形容詞
古い [(2)ふるい] meaning: old rank: 1
☆ 古い家 ⇨ An old house
☆ 古き良き時代 ⇨ Good old days
☆ 彼は私の古い友達だ ⇨ He’s my old friend
☆ 彼はこの会社で一番古い人だ ⇨ He’s the person with the longest tenure in this company (☛ Note 古い人 does NOT mean “a person of advanced age”)
古い [(2)ふるい] meaning: outdated rank: 1
☆ その冗談はもう古いよ ⇨ That joke is old now
☆ 彼は考え方が古い ⇨ His way of thinking is old, outdated
古めかしい [(5)ふるめかしい] meaning: old rank: 3
☆ その名前は現在はとても古めかしく感じる ⇨ That name sounds very old-fashioned today (☛ Old-fashioned, outdated, passe)
► 接頭辞
古 [ふる] meaning: old rank: 3
☆ うちの古女房 ⇨ My old, long-time, wife
► 連体詞
古ぼけた [(4)ふるぼけた] meaning: old rank: 4
☆ 古ぼけた写真 ⇨ An old, black and white, faded, picture