► 成句
上 [(2)うえ] [上に] meaning: on top of that rank: 2
☆ あの店は美味い上に安い ⇨ The restaurant serves great food and on top of that the prices are low
☆ 激しい雨の上に強い風が吹いている ⇨ Winds are blowing hard on top of heavy rain
上 [(2)うえ] [上で] [liter] meaning: in order to rank: 3
☆ 計画を実行する上で必要な資金 ⇨ The fund necessary to execute the plan
上 [(2)うえ] [上に立つ] meaning: lead rank: 3
☆ 彼は上に立つのに相応しくない ⇨ He’s not fit to stand above others, be a leader
► 名詞
上 [(2)うえ] meaning: above rank: 1
☆ うちの兄は三つ年上です ⇨ My brother is 3 years older than me
☆ それは上からの命令だ ⇨ That’s an order from the above, higher-up
☆ 上の階の足音がうるさい ⇨ The footsteps from the floor above are loud
☆ 上を見ろ！ ⇨ Look above, up!
☆ 気温は一日中氷点の上にあった ⇨ The temperature was above the freezing point all day
☆ 上には上がいる ⇨ There’s always someone better than someone who’s better than you (☛ A common phrase that means it is very difficult to be the best in the world for anything)
上 [(2)うえ] meaning: on rank: 1
☆ 彼は屋根の上に登った ⇨ He got on top of the roof
☆ 彼女は鍵を机の上に置いた ⇨ She put her keys on top of the desk
上 [(2)うえ] meaning: over rank: 1
☆ 彼は背広の上にコートを着ている ⇨ He is wearing a coat over his suits
☆ 彼は薪木の上にタープをかけた ⇨ He put a tarp over firelogs
上 [(2)うえ] meaning: top rank: 1
☆ 山の上から見た景色 ⇨ The scenery seen from the top of the mountain
☆ 背広の上と下が別々に買える店 ⇨ A store you can buy suits tops and bottoms separately
上 [(2)うえ] [liter] meaning: based on rank: 2
☆ それはよく考えた上で決めたことです ⇨ I decided that upon a through deliberation
☆ それは法律の上では同じと見做される ⇨ They are regarded as the same things from the legal perspective
☆ 全ての条件を比較した上で決めます ⇨ We will decide upon comparing all the conditions
☆ 死ぬのは覚悟の上です ⇨ I am fully aware, I made my decision knowing, that I could die
☆ 酒の上の事では済まされない ⇨ You cannot just dismiss that behavior saying it was under influence of alcohol
上 [(2)うえ] [coll] meaning: inside rank: 2
☆ 彼の家に行ったが上には上がらなかった ⇨ I went to his house but didn’t get inside (☛ The inside of a house. Japanese houses have raised floors)
上 [(2)うえ] [liter] meaning: because rank: 4
☆ かくなる上はやむを得まい ⇨ We have no other choice under these circumstances
上 [(1)かみ] meaning: above rank: 4
☆
► 接尾辞
上 [じょう] [liter] meaning: based on rank: 1
☆ それは形式上正しいかも知れないが、本来の意義から外れている ⇨ That may be correct in the format, but it is missing the real intention
☆ それは理論上は可能でも実際には難しい ⇨ That may be possible on theory, but is very difficult in reality
☆ それは道徳上は問題があっても法律上は問題にならない ⇨ That may be problematic morally, but not legally
上 [じょう] [liter] meaning: regarding rank: 1
☆ 仕事上の心労 ⇨ Stress over, about, work
☆ 使用上の注意 ⇨ Cautions over, during, use
☆ 日常生活上の問題 ⇨ Problems on, about, everyday life
上 [(2)うえ] [arch] [respect] meaning: respect rank: 3
☆ 父上、母上、兄上、姉上 ⇨ Esteemed father, mother, big brother, big sister
More examples:
- 法律上は責任がなくても道義上の責任がある ⇨ Even if you are not legally responsible, you are morally responsible
- 銀メダルの選手が失格になったために銅メダルの選手が銀メダルに繰り上げられた ⇨ The bronze medalist was promoted to a silver medal since the (initial) silver medalist got disqualified
- 出来上がり！ ⇨ It’s all done!
- 彼の鍛え上げられた体 ⇨ His extremely well-trained body
- 私達の製品の売上げは競争相手を追い越した ⇨ The sales of our products have overtaken those of our competitor
- 一身上の都合により退職させて頂きます ⇨ I’d like to resign from my post for a personal reason
- 毎日少しずつ練習していたら、知らず知らずに上達していた ⇨ I had practiced little by little every day, then I improved without realizing
- 魔界の頂上決戦 ⇨ The summit fight for the evil world
- 建物の屋上にはエレベーターで昇降する ⇨ You go up to and come down from the top of the building with an elevator
- 道の上の雨は直ぐに蒸発した ⇨ The rain on the road evaporated quickly
- 予想以上に費用が掛かった ⇨ There have been more expenses than anticipated
- 上に立つ者はもっと鷹揚に構えるべきだ ⇨ Those who stand above, leaders, should be more calm and relaxed, not reacting to every small stuff nervously
- 政府の経済政策は期待された効果を上げていない ⇨ The economy policy of the government hasn’t achieved the expected result
- 今日は三時で仕事を切り上げた ⇨ I finished up my work, called it a day, at 3PM today
- 直属の上司 ⇨ A boss to whom one reports directly